Spondylolisthesis Explained: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment Options

Dr. Charla Fischer, a board‑certified orthopedic spine surgeon in New York City, diagnoses and treats spondylolisthesis with both conservative care and advanced surgical techniques.

What Is Spondylolisthesis?

Spondylolisthesis is a condition in which one vertebra slips forward or backward relative to an adjacent vertebra, often occurring in the lower spine. :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0} This misalignment can reduce spinal stability and compress nearby nerves, causing symptoms like back pain or leg discomfort. :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}

Types of Spondylolisthesis

Spondylolisthesis is commonly classified into two main types:

• Degenerative spondylolisthesis: Caused by wear and tear on the spine over time, especially in older adults. :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}
• Isthmic spondylolisthesis: Results from a small fracture or defect in a vertebra (often developed in adolescence). :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Not all patients with spondylolisthesis experience symptoms. When symptoms occur, they often include:

• Lower back pain that worsens with standing or walking • :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}
• Pain that radiates into the buttocks or legs • :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}
• Difficulty standing upright
• Tingling, numbness, or weakness in the legs (if nerves are affected)

Diagnosis typically includes a physical exam and imaging such as X‑rays or MRI to visualize vertebral alignment. :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}

Treatment Options

Not all cases of spondylolisthesis require surgery. Many patients find significant improvement through:

• Physical therapy to strengthen the core and reduce strain
• Pain management with medications or injections like epidural steroid injections
• Activity modification and bracing

In more severe or persistent cases — especially when nerve compression causes debilitating symptoms — surgical options like minimally invasive spinal procedures or spinal fusion may be recommended. :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}

Why Choose Dr. Fischer?

Dr. Fischer brings expertise in diagnosing and treating spondylolisthesis using patient‑centered care and the latest surgical techniques — including minimally invasive approaches that promote faster recovery and less pain post‑op. See how her spine care philosophy prioritizes long‑term function and quality of life.